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RUDRAHRIDAYA UPANISHAD
(RUDRA UPANISHAD)
Krishnayajurveda
group of Upanishads – Shaiva
Now, right now, I take refuge in That Pure State of the Supreme Absolute, which can be known with the help of vidya known as "Rudra-hridaya Upanishads."
Having worshipped the glorified form of Sri Mahadeva-Rudra in his own heart, having honoured the sacred bhasma and rudraksha and mentally recited the great mahavakya-mantra, tarasara, Sri Suka thus asked his father Sri Vyasa Maharshi: "Who is the true God of the gods? Whom do all these existences have as their basis? Whom, by worshipping, can I satisfy all the gods at once?"
Thus, after hearing this, Sri Vedavyasa replied: "Rudra is the incarnation of all the gods. All the gods are but different manifestations of Sri Rudra Himself. On the right side of Rudra is the sun, then the four-headed Brahma, and then the three agni (fires). On His left side resides Sri Uma-devi, and also Vishnu and Soma (the moon). Uma itself is the form of Vishnu. Vishnu is essentially a manifestation of the moon. Therefore, those who worship Lord Vishnu worship Shiva Himself. And those who worship Shiva actually worship Lord Vishnu. Those who envy and hate Sri Rudra actually hate Sri Vishnu. Those who blaspheme Lord Shiva blaspheme Vishnu Himself.
Rudra is the generator of the seed. Vishnu is the germ of that seed. Shiva Himself is Brahma, and Brahma Himself is Agni. Rudra is filled with Brahma and Vishnu. The whole world is filled with Agni and Soma. The male is Lord Shiva. The female is Goddess Sri Bhavani. Everything created in this universe, moving and immobile, is filled with Uma and Rudra. Vyakta is Sri Uma, and avyakta – Lord Shiva. The combination of Uma and Shankara is Vishnu.
Therefore, everyone should worship Sri Mahavishnu with great devotion. He is Atman. He is Paramatman. He is Antaratman. Brahma is Antaratman. Shiva is Paramatman. Vishnu is the Eternal Atman of this entire universe. All the created worlds – Svarga-, Martya- and Patala-lokas – are like a huge tree. Vishnu is the top (vetvi) of that tree, Brahma is the trunk, the root is Lord Shiva. The result is Vishnu, the action is Brahma, the cause is Shiva. For the benefit of all the worlds, He accepted Rudra these three forms. Rudra is dharma, Vishnu is peace, Brahma is Knowledge. Therefore do chanting (kirtan) of His name "Rudra, Rudra". By chanting in this way the holy Name of this Great Lord, you will destroy all your sins:
Rudra is male, Uma is female.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
Rudra is Brahma, Uma is Saraswati.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
Rudra is Vishnu, Uma is Lakshmi.
To Him and Her – worship!
Rudra is the Sun, Uma is the Shadow.
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is the Moon, Uma is the Star.
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is the Day, Uma is the Night.
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is Yajna, Uma is Vedi.
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is Agni, Uma is "Svaha".
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is Veda, Uma is Shastra.
Worship to Him and Her!
Rudra is Tree, Uma is the Creeper.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
Rudra is the Smell, Uma is the Flower.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
Rudra is the Meaning, Uma is the Word.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
Rudra is the Linga, Uma is the Pitha.
To Him and Her – prostrations!
The devotee should offer worship to Sri Rudra and Uma using the above mantras. O my son, Suka! With these hymns you will meditate on the Eternal Parabrahman, inaccessible to the senses, Who is pure Existence, Knowledge and Bliss, and Who cannot be understood neither by speech nor by the mind. He who knows this needs no further knowledge, since everything is a form of This, and nothing exists other than This.
There are two vidyas that must be known. They are the higher (para) and the lower (apara). Apara-vidya is the embodiment of the four Vedas and their six supplements (ang). They have no relation to the nature of Atman. Para-vidya is called moksha-shastra. It contains that supreme philosophy of the Absolute Truth which is incomprehensible, impersonal, nirguna, nirakara, without ears, eyes, hands and feet, eternal, all-present, imperishable, it can be known by intelligent and determined sages.
In Lord Shiva, who performs the fearful penance in the form of the Supreme jnana-marga, this entire world, which is the food of mortals, is created. This world is maya. It appears like a dream. It is seen in the Lord as a snake is seen in a rope. This is the eternal truth. In reality there is no creation. Everything is Absolute. Everything is Truth. He who knows this is immediately liberated.
Only by jnana can you get rid of this samsara. Only by jnana, and never by karma, can you understand this existence. Understand this under the guidance of a Vedic guru who is exclusively devoted to Brahman alone (brahmanishtha-srotriya-guru). The guru gives the disciple all the necessary knowledge about Brahman, the Absolute. Having broken the bonds of ajnana, or avidya, one can take refuge in Lord Sadashiva. This is the true wisdom which must be understood by the seeker of Truth.
Pranava is the bow, Atman is the arrow, Parabrahman is the target. Like the arrow, Atman merges into Brahman. But none of these three – the bow, the arrow and the target – is different from Sadashiva. There neither the sun, nor the moon, nor the stars shine, nor does the wind blow, nor do the gods exist. He alone, the One Lord, exists. He alone, the Purity of purity, shines now and always for ever and ever.
Two birds dwell in this body – jiva and Paramatman. The jiva subsists on the fruits of karmas, but Paramatman is beyond the reach of everything. Paramatman is only the witness (sakshi). He is inactive. He only assumes the form of jiva through His Maya, just as the space (akasha) inside the vessel appears to be different from the akasha outside the vessel and assumes the form of the vessel. In reality, everything is Shiva, Non-duality (advaita), the One Absolute. There are no differences. When everything is realized as One, omkara, the Absolute, there is no sorrow, no maya. Then it is very easy to attain the Bliss of Supreme Non-duality (advaita-paramananda). Think of yourself as the basis of this entire universe, you are the One, kevala, Sat-chit-ghana. Not all people can realize this Truth. Only those who have escaped maya know the secret. Having known this, Atman no longer moves in any direction. It unites with the Absolute, just as the space inside the vessel (ghatakasha) – with the rest of the space (paramakasha). Like space (akasha), which does not move anywhere, this Atman knows no movement. It becomes one with Om.
He who knows the great secret Truth is a real sage (muni). He becomes Parabrahman Himself. He becomes Satchidananda. He attains permanent peace.